Imisebenzi enzima kushishino—ukusuka kumaqonga angaphandle kolwandle ukuya kwii-reactors zeekhemikhali—ixhomekeke kwizakhiwo ezitshisiweyo ezimelana neemeko ezinzima nezirhabaxa imihla ngemihla. Xa ezi zakhiwo zingaphumeleli ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala kakuhle, iindleko ziyanda: ixesha lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga, ukulungiswa okubizayo, kwaneengozi zokhuseleko. Akumangalisi ukuba imfuno yezinto zokutshixa ezinokuthenjwa ezimelana nokugqwala iyanda, kunye nee-alloys ezifanaI-ER316Livela njengesisombululo esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo. Olu tshintsho aluyonto nje iqhelekileyo—yimpendulo kwimingeni ejongene nabathengi kunye neenjineli yonke imihla.
Kubathengi abanzima kushishino, into ephambili icacile: izixhobo ezibonelela ngokusebenza rhoqo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuqina okanye ukuhambelana nemithetho. Ukugqwala, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezityebileyo ngekloride okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukungaphumeleli kokuwelda. Idatha yakutshanje ibonisa ukuba i-37.6% yokonakala okunxulumene nokuwelda kuvela ekusebenzeni kwezinto okungaguqukiyo okanye ukuxhathisa kakubi kwiimeko ezinzima. Kulapho ucingo lokuwelda lwentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-ER316L lubonakala khona—kungekuphela nje njengemveliso, kodwa njengesisombululo kwezi ndawo zibuhlungu zixhaphakileyo.
I-ER316L yintambo yokuwelda yentsimbi engenasici e-austenitic enekhabhoni ephantsi, ehlulwe ngumxholo wayo we-molybdenum (2.0%-3.0%) onyusa ukumelana nokugqwala kwemigodi kunye nokuqhekeka—ezona ndlela zimbini zokugqwala zitshabalalisayo kushishino olunzima. Ngokungafaniyo nee-alloys eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-ER304L, ukongezwa kwayo kwe-molybdenum kuphakamisa i-Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number ukuya kwi-24-28, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiindawo apho ukuvezwa kwe-chloride kungenakuphepheka. Umxholo wayo wekhabhoni ephantsi (≤0.03%) ukwathintela ukugqwala phakathi kwe-granular, ingxaki eqhelekileyo xa izakhiwo ezidibeneyo zivezwa kumjikelo wobushushu obuphakathi.
Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kubathengi beli shishini yindlelaI-ER316Lihambelana neemfuno zokwenyani zoshishino olunzima. Thatha ubunjineli bolwandle kunye neeprojekthi zaselwandle: izakhiwo apha zinyamezela ukuntywiliselwa emanzini olwandle rhoqo, ukutshizwa ngetyuwa, kunye nokuguquguquka kobushushu. Amandla e-ER316L okugcina ulungelelwaniso lwesakhiwo kwezi meko anciphisa isidingo sokugcinwa rhoqo, into ephambili yokonga iindleko kubasebenzi. Ngokufanayo, kumacandelo eekhemikhali kunye neekhemikhali, apho ulwelo olusekelwe kwi-acidic kunye ne-chloride luxhaphake khona, ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-ER316L kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye kwandisa ubomi bezixhobo.
Imfuno ekhulayo yezinto zokuwelda ezingamelani nokugqwala ezifanaI-ER316Likwanxulunyaniswa notshintsho olubanzi kushishino: intshukumo yeshishini elikhulu ukuya kwimveliso eluhlaza kunye nokuphuculwa kwezixhobo eziphezulu. Njengoko imithetho ejikeleze ukukhutshwa komoya kunye nokuzinza iqina, abathengi bafuna izixhobo ezixhasa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. I-ER316L iyahambelana nalo mthetho ngokuvumela izakhiwo ezihlala ixesha elide—ukunciphisa umngcipheko wekhabhoni onxulunyaniswa nokutshintshwa kunye nokulungiswa. Ukongeza, njengoko amacandelo afana namandla avuselelekayo esanda, imfuneko yezisombululo zokuwelda ezingamelani nokugqwala kwiindawo ezixineneyo iyanda.
Kubathengi abasebenzisa imarike, ukukhetha izinto zokuwelda ezifanelekileyo ezimelana nokugqwala kungaphaya kokukhetha imveliso—kukuthetha ukufanisa i-alloy nesicelo.I-ER316LIlungelelanisa ukusebenza kwayo nokusebenza kwayo: inika ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nee-alloys ezikwinqanaba lokuqala, ngelixa ixabisa kancinci kunezinye iindlela ze-molybdenum eziphezulu ezifana ne-ER317L. Ikwaqhayisa ngokukwazi ukuwelda kakuhle, iyahambelana neendlela eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-GTAW kunye ne-GMAW, kwaye isebenza kakuhle ngentsimbi engagqwali ye-316L kunye (neentsimbi ezahlukeneyo) ezifana ne-304L, yongeza ukuguquguquka kwiiprojekthi ezinzima.
Ukuhambelana komgangatho yenye into engenakuxoxiswana ngayo kubathengi abanzima kwimizi-mveliso—kwaye sisizathu esiphambili sokuba i-ER316L ifunwa kakhulu. Umgangatho webhetshi ongaguqukiyo unokukhokelela ekusileleni okukhulu, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokugcinwa kwe-LNG okanye izixhobo zamandla enyukliya. Ababoneleli be-ER316L abadumileyo balandela imigangatho engqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka kweekhemikhali ezifanayo kunye neempawu zoomatshini, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuguquguquka kokusebenza. Abathengi kufuneka babeke phambili ababoneleli ababonelela ngamaxwebhu okulandelelwa kunye nokuthobela imithetho, njengoko ezi zizibonakaliso zeemveliso ezithembekileyo nezisemgangathweni ophezulu.
Ukujonga phambili, imfuno yezinto zokuwelda ezingamelani nokugqwala kwimizi-mveliso enzima iya kukhula kuphela njengoko izixhobo zisebenza kwiimeko ezinzima ngakumbi kwaye ukuzinza kuba yinto ephambili. I-ER316L iya kuhlala iyinto eqhelekileyo kubathengi abafuna isisombululo esiqinisekisiweyo nesiguquguqukayo esijongana nemingeni yokugqwala, sinciphise iindleko zexesha elide, kwaye sihambelane neendlela zoshishino. Kwabo bakwimizi-mveliso enzima, ukutyala imali kwizinto ezifanelekileyo zokuwelda ezingamelani nokugqwala akusiyonto nje yokuthenga—lutyalo-mali ekuthembekeni nasekukhuselekeni kokusebenza.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-22-2026